Lithium battery characteristics

Advantages
1. High energy. It has a high storage energy density of 460-600Wh/kg, which is about 6-7 times that of lead-acid batteries;
2. Long service life, which can reach more than 6 years. The battery with lithium iron phosphate as the positive electrode can be used 10,000 times at 1C (100% DOD) charge and discharge;
3. High rated voltage (single operating voltage is 3.7V or 3.2V), which is approximately equal to the series voltage of 3 nickel-cadmium or nickel-metal hydride rechargeable batteries, which is convenient for forming a battery power pack; lithium batteries can adjust the voltage to 3.0V through a new type of lithium battery voltage regulator technology to suit the use of small appliances.
4. High power tolerance, among which the lithium iron phosphate lithium-ion battery used in electric vehicles can reach 15-30C charge and discharge capacity, which is convenient for high-intensity starting acceleration;
5. The self-discharge rate is very low, which is one of the most outstanding advantages of this battery. It can generally be achieved below 1%/month, less than 1/20 of nickel-metal hydride batteries;
6. Lightweight, the weight of the same volume is about 1/6-1/5 of the lead-acid product;
7. Strong adaptability to high and low temperatures, can be used in an environment of -20℃--60℃, and after technological treatment, can be used in an environment of -45℃;
8. Green and environmentally friendly, no matter in production, use or scrapping, it does not contain or produce any toxic and harmful heavy metal elements and substances such as lead, mercury, cadmium, etc.
9. Production basically does not consume water, which is very beneficial to China, which is short of water.
Specific energy refers to the energy per unit weight or unit volume. Specific energy is expressed in Wh/kg or Wh/L. Wh is the unit of energy, W is watt, h is hour; kg is kilogram (weight unit), L is liter (volume unit).
Disadvantages
1. Lithium primary batteries have poor safety and are at risk of explosion.
2. Lithium cobalt oxide lithium-ion batteries cannot discharge with large currents, are expensive, and have poor safety.
3. Lithium-ion batteries all need to protect the circuit to prevent the battery from being overcharged or over-discharged.
4. The production requirements are high and the cost is high.
5. The use conditions are limited and the use at high and low temperatures is dangerous.